1,053 research outputs found

    Archaeological dating of colluvial and lacustrine deposits in a GIS environment investigating the multi-period site Gortz 1 on Oberer Beetzsee, Brandenburg

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    From the mid-14th century CE onwards, extensive soil erosion, caused by intensive agricultural practices, has led to the destruction of landscape structures in Central Europe. In 2016, the University of Applied Sciences in Berlin investigated the colluvial deposits at the site of Gortz in western Brandenburg (Germany), which had accumulated on the lower slopes and were caused by the processes just mentioned. The mapping of each individual archaeological find made it possible to project all finds onto one profile running along the slope. Transformation of the finds' coordinates from profile view to plan view enabled the visualization in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The combination of adjacent strata into larger units using a pedological and sedimentological approach enabled an improved dating of colluvial deposits. In addition, the method facilitated the dating of historical water levels in the Beetzsee chain of lakes, which are part of the Havel river system. As a result, it could be demonstrated that substantial anthropogenic activity, such as clay quarrying and bank straightening, took place during the Late Slavic Period. An interlocking horizon of colluvial and lacustrine deposits indicates that the water level of the lake Oberer Beetzsee rose from a value under 29.4 m above sea level (a.s.l.) in the 11th/12th century CE to approximately 29.8 m a.s.l. in the 13th century CE. However, isolated flooding events during the 13th century CE can be recorded up to a height of 30.5 m a.s.l. A modern colluvial deposit of 1 m in thickness indicates an acute endangerment of the archaeological site by modern agriculture.FlĂ€chenhafte Bodenerosion, ausgelöst durch intensive landwirtschaftliche Nutzung, fĂŒhrte ab Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts u.Z. zur Zerstörung von Landschaftsstrukturen und in Mitteleuropa. Kolluvien, welche durch diese Prozesse entstanden und am Unterhang akkumulierten, wurden auf dem Fundplatz Gortz (westliches Brandenburg, Deutschland) durch die Hochschule fĂŒr Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin im Jahr 2016 untersucht. Konsequente Einzelfundeinmessung ermöglichte die Projizierung aller Funde auf eines der lĂ€ngs zum Hang verlaufenden Profile. Koordinatentransformation der Funde von der Profilansicht in die Draufsicht, ermöglichte die Visualisierung in einem GIS. Die Zusammenfassung benachbarter Schichten auf Basis der bodenkundlich-sedimentologischen Ansprache ermöglichte eine verbesserte Datierung der Kolluvien. ZusĂ€tzlich ermöglichte diese Methode die Datierung historischer PegelstĂ€nde der Beetzseekette, eines Teils des Flusssystems der Havel. Im Ergebnis ließen sich fĂŒr die spĂ€tslawische Zeit starke anthropogene AktivitĂ€ten wie Mergelabbau und eine Uferbegradigung nachweisen. Über einen Verzahnungshorizont limnischer und kolluvialer Sedimente. ließ sich ein Pegelanstieg des Oberen Beetzsees von einem Wert unterhalb von 29.4 m Normalhöhennull (NHN) im 11./12. Jahrhundert u.Z. auf etwa 29.8 m NHN im 13. Jahrhundert u.Z. feststellen. Es lassen sich fĂŒr das 13. Jahrhundert u.Z. jedoch auch vereinzelte Überschwemmungsereignisse bis in eine Höhe von 30.5 m NHN fassen. Ein modernes Kolluvium von einem Meter MĂ€chtigkeit zeigt die akute GefĂ€hrdung des Bodendenkmals durch die moderne Landwirtschaft

    Auenböden an der Unteren Mittelelbe als Archive eines verÀnderten Landschaftswasserhaushalts und klimatischen Wandels um 1000 BP

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    Dendrologische Untersuchungen stellen fĂŒr das 10.Jh. AD in der Aue der Unteren Mittelelbe ein verĂ€ndertes Wachstumsverhalten der BĂ€ume fest, archĂ€ologische Untersuchungen belegen im Gebiet um den Höhbeck bei Lenzen (Niedersachsen, Lkr. LĂŒchow-Dannenberg) im selben Zeitraum ein verĂ€ndertes Siedlungsverhalten. Untersuchungen der Auenböden sollen zeigen ob UmweltverĂ€nderungen dies erklĂ€ren können. Im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts "Slawen an der unteren Mittelelbe" wurden bodenkundliche Untersuchungen rund um den Höhbeck, eine saalekaltzeitlich entstandene Erhebung ĂŒber der Elbtalniederung durchgefĂŒhrt. Die archĂ€ologisch untersuchten slawischen Siedlungen und Burgen im Auenbereich grenzen an rezente oder heute verlandete WasserlĂ€ufe. Stratigraphische Untersuchungen und Datierungen an zahlreichen ausgedehnten Bodenprofilen im Randbereich der Grabungen ermöglichen eine Rekonstruktion von WasserstĂ€nden, Überschwemmungsereignissen und Siedlungsbedingungen. Dabei konzentrierten sich die Untersuchungen besonders auf einen heute verlandeten Altarm der Seege, eines Nebenflusses der Elbe. Seit dem 7.Jh. traten in der Seege außergewöhnlich starke Hochflutereignisse mit starken Materialverlagerungen und relativ hohen Fließgeschwindigkeiten auf. Die angrenzende Burg bzw. Siedlung wurde durch Sedimentaufhöhung und VernĂ€ssung stark beeintrĂ€chtigt, wahrscheinlich wurden im Randbereich Teile der Anlage zerstört. Im 10.Jh. sind Wirkungen solcher Ereignisse auch an weiteren Standorten nachweisbar. An einem weiteren Burgwall wird der Burggraben vollstĂ€ndig mit Sediment verfĂŒllt, sehr wahrscheinlich verbunden mit einer Zerstörung bzw. Überdeckung im Vorburgbereich

    Bio- and chronostratigraphy of the Middle Triassic Reifling Formation of the westernmost Northern Calcareous Alps

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    New finds of fossils including bivalves, ammonoids, brachiopods and palynomorphs from the Middle Triassic Reifling Formation significantly improve the age assignment for this unit in Liechtenstein and Vorarlberg. The lower part of the Reifling Formation is tentatively referred to the Late Anisian Paraceratites trinodosus Zone and somewhat older levels, whereas the uppermost part reaches the Ladinian Protrachyceras archelaus Zone (ammonoid zonation). The Middle Triassic successions of the study area are correlated with the coeval South Alpine reference section at Bagolino (Brescian Prealps), which also bears the Ladinian GSSP. The comparison shows that the Reifling Formation in the study area is age-equivalent with the South Alpine Prezzo Limestone and the Buchenstein Formation. A volcanoclastic layer in the upper part of the Reifling Formation at Flexenpass yields a U-Pb zircon age of 239.3 +/- 0.2 Ma. This value is slightly older than previously published minimum ages from equivalent horizons in the Southern Alps; the difference is thought to be mainly due to improved pre-treatment of zircons (annealing/chemical abrasion), which significantly reduces the effects of Pb loss. The new radio-isotope age further constrains the stratigraphical age of the Reifling Formation and supports the proposed biostratigraphy-based correlation of Middle Triassic successions in the Eastern and Southern Alp

    Do Infants Really Learn Phonetic Categories?

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    Early changes in infants’ ability to perceive native and nonnative speech sound contrasts are typically attributed to their developing knowledge of phonetic categories. We critically examine this hypothesis and argue that there is little direct evidence of category knowledge in infancy. We then propose an alternative account in which infants’ perception changes because they are learning a perceptual space that is appropriate to represent speech, without yet carving up that space into phonetic categories. If correct, this new account has substantial implications for understanding early language development

    Capitalism and Hollywood : the movies as corporate product

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    Bildung und Beratung - Wie Smartphone-Sprechstunden die Bekanntheit und Frequentierung der Wohn- und Technikberatung fĂŒr Ältere steigern können

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    Eine Handreichung mit Anregungen zur bundesweiten Nachahmung aus Sachsen-Anhalt, erarbeitet im Rahmen des TransInno_LSA-Teilprojekts "Innovationsnetzwerk Vernetzte Technikberatung und Techniknutzung" (VTTNetz), Innovative Hochschule, BMBF, 2018-2022, veröffentlicht im Januar 2023. | A handout with suggestions for nationwide imitation from Saxony-Anhalt, developed as part of the TransInno_LSA sub-project "Innovation Network Network Networked Technology Advice and Technology Use" (VTTNetz), Innovative University, BMBF, 2018-2022, published in January 2023

    A phonetic model of non-native spoken word processing

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    Non-native speakers show difficulties with spoken word processing. Many studies attribute these difficulties to imprecise phonological encoding of words in the lexical memory. We test an alternative hypothesis: that some of these difficulties can arise from the non-native speakers' phonetic perception. We train a computational model of phonetic learning, which has no access to phonology, on either one or two languages. We first show that the model exhibits predictable behaviors on phone-level and word-level discrimination tasks. We then test the model on a spoken word processing task, showing that phonology may not be necessary to explain some of the word processing effects observed in non-native speakers. We run an additional analysis of the model's lexical representation space, showing that the two training languages are not fully separated in that space, similarly to the languages of a bilingual human speaker.Comment: Accepted for publication in Proceedings of EACL-2021. 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

    Frequency, Genotype, and Clinical Spectrum of Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy: Data From a National Center in Denmark

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    PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence, genotype, and clinical spectrum of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (Best disease). DESIGN: Retrospective epidemiologic and clinical and molecular genetic observational study. METHODS: SETTING: National referral center. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-five individuals diagnosed with Best disease. OBSERVATION PROCEDURES: Retrospective review of patients diagnosed according to clinical findings and sequencing of BEST1. Patients with recently established molecular genetic diagnosis were followed up including multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: BEST1 mutations, SD-OCT and FAF findings, mfERG amplitudes, prevalence estimate of Best disease. RESULTS: BEST1 mutations described previously in Danish patients with Best disease are reviewed. In addition, we identified a further 8 families and 1 sporadic case, in whom 6 BEST1 missense mutations were found, 4 of which are novel. The mutation c.904G>T (p.Asp302Asn) was identified in members of 4 unrelated families. Structural alterations ranged from precipitate-like alterations at the level of the photoreceptor outer segments (OS) to choroidal neovascularization. The extent of the former correlated with the reduction of retinal function. A prevalence estimate of Best disease in Denmark based on the number of diagnosed cases was 1.5 per 100 000 individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Our data expand the mutation spectrum of BEST1 in patients with Best disease. Alterations of the OS overlying lesions with subretinal fluid are similar to those seen in central serous retinopathy and may indicate impaired turnover of OS. Our frequency estimate confirms that Best disease is one of the most common causes of early macular degeneration. (Am J Ophthalmol 2012;154:403-412. (c) 2012 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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